Brief analysis of common fire causes and preventive measures for air conditioners

With the increasing growth of the national economy and the arrival of the hot summer and autumn seasons, a large number of air conditioners have entered homes in cities, and the number of fires caused by air conditioners has also increased, posing a threat to people's lives and property. Now I will talk about the common fire causes and preventive measures of air conditioners based on actual work.

　　 1. Common fire causes of air conditioners

　　 Air conditioners are divided into electric prototypes and electric heating types according to their functions. One can only be used for cooling, and the other can be used for both cooling and heating. The air conditioner is mainly composed of three parts: one is the refrigeration cycle system (the compressor is driven by a motor); the second is the ventilation cycle system (including fan motors, centrifugal fans and suction fans, etc.); the third is the electrical control system. The main causes of air conditioner fire are:

1. Installation does not meet the requirements: (1) Poor or loose contact between the power cord and the motor and other connection joints, overheating and ignition may cause combustible materials such as the plastic casing of the air conditioner to catch fire; (2) The selected wire cross-sectional area is too small, causing overload and fire. (3) The selected plug capacity is too small and the withstand voltage is low, which will cause breakdown and cause short circuit and fire; (4) The capacity of the fuse does not match the air conditioner, and it cannot be quickly blown when a fault occurs; (5) Misconnected the power supply and catches fire . For example, a window air conditioner usually uses a single-phase 220 volt power supply, and the power plug is a single-phase three-wire plug. It is mistaken for a 380 volt three-phase power supply, and it catches fire due to misconnection; (6) Improper installation location. The air conditioner is installed on combustible components, the distance between curtains, wooden structures and other objects is too close, or it is installed in a damp place without moisture-proof and rain-proof treatment, or the shielding area is not enough. In summer, the condenser of the air conditioner is exposed to the sun for too long, and it is high at noon. The temperature is as high as 40℃ or higher, making the air conditioner run continuously for several hours without stopping, the compressor is overheated, the overload protector frequently operates to burn the compressor or the circuit catches fire.

　　2. The fan of the electric-heated air conditioner stops rotating. There are two reasons for the fan to stop rotating: one is the failure of the air conditioner itself, for example, bearing wear causes the fan blades to deflect and jams the casing, causing the fan to stop; the other is that the fan and electric heating tube are controlled by different switches, and the air conditioner is not cut off when the air conditioner is turned off. The power supply of the electric heating part. If the fan stops, a large amount of heat will accumulate and the temperature will continue to rise, which can ignite combustibles near the electric heating pipe.

　　3. The high-temperature spark generated when the oil-immersed capacitor breaks down ignites the inner liner of the combustor and the casing of the partition plate. The reason for the capacitor breakdown is: one is that the power supply voltage is too high; the other is damp and leakage, the quality of the capacitor is poor, the insulation performance is reduced after damp, the leakage current increases, and the breakdown is caused.

　　4, caused by improper use

　　 (1) The user did not operate the electric-heated air conditioner in accordance with the requirements of the manual. After the user stopped heating, he did not use the ventilation gear to cool the electric heating part. Because the heating wire has a strong thermal inertia, if the electric heating part of the air conditioner is cut off, if it is not cooled by a fan, the electric heating part will still maintain a relatively high temperature for a long time, and the surrounding combustibles will be baked for a long time. , Causing combustibles to decompose, carbonize and catch fire.

　　 (2) The air conditioner is started immediately after it stops. In a short time after the air conditioner stops, the pressure difference between the compressor inlet and the outlet is relatively large. The high and low pressure sides should be balanced through the capillary tube before starting. Otherwise, the compressor load may increase and the current will increase. Increase, causing the motor to burn out.

　　 5. Caused by low power supply voltage

　　 The power supply voltage is too low, so that the air conditioner, fan motor speed is too low and the heat dissipation is not good, and the temperature is too high to ignite the partition, the gasket and the fire, or the motor overheated coil short circuit and fire.

　　 2. Preventive measures for air conditioner fires

　　 1. Choose a brand of air conditioner with good quality and good reputation.

　　2. Ask professional air conditioner installers to install the air conditioner, and select wires, plugs and fuses that match the air conditioner.

　　3. The air conditioner should not be installed too close to the curtain, or the curtain cloth should be made of flame-retardant fabric.

　　4. When using an electric-heated air conditioner, after the user stops its heating, first use the ventilation gear to cool its electric heating part, and then turn it off after 2 minutes.